| MENOPAUSE AND CLIMACTERIC |
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| Monday, 01 February 2010 15:42 | |||||
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What is it? Menopause is the last menstruation of women. {mosimage}Menopause is the stage of life that occurs in the transition from the reproductive or fertile ground for non-reproductive, due to the decrease of sex hormones produced by the ovaries. Ovarian failure is secondary to depletion of primordial follicles that constitute the genetic heritage of each woman. The decrease in hormone levels is a fact that occurs with all women and starts around age 40. Some women may have a more pronounced signs and symptoms, but all come with menopause. Menopause delimiting the two phases of the climacteric, menopause pre-menopausal and post-menopause. The average age of women at menopause is 51 years, ranging from 48 to 55 years. When it occurs in women under 40 years is called premature menopause. The decrease or lack of female sex hormones may affect various parts of the body and determine signs and symptoms known by the name of climacteric syndrome or menopausal. What do you feel? The most common symptoms are: Flushes or flashes, which cause a sudden reddening of the face and trunk, accompanied by a sensation of intense body heat and perspiration. Can appear at any time and are often so unpleasant that come to interfere in day to day. Urogenital changes caused by estrogen deficiency leading to atrophy of the vaginal epithelium, making the soft tissue to the point of bleeding. In the vagina, atrophy causes narrowing and shortening, loss of elasticity and decrease the secretions, causing vaginal dryness and discomfort during intercourse (dyspareunia). Changes in vaginal flora facilitate the emergence of a flora that predisposes to nonspecific vaginitis. Other adverse events occur at the level of the urethra and bladder, causing difficulty emptying the same, involuntary loss of urine, causing the so-called urethral syndrome, characterized by recurrent episodes of increased urinary frequency and burning, and the sensation of impending urination. Moodiness, emotional symptoms such as anxiety, depression, fatigue, irritability, memory loss and insomnia due to hormonal changes that affect brain chemistry. Modification of sexuality with decreased sexual desire (libido), which can be changed for various reasons, among them, the less vaginal lubrication. Cardiovascular risk by decreasing levels of estrogen. Estrogen protects the heart and blood vessels against problems, avoiding the formation of thrombi that block blood vessels and maintaining levels of good cholesterol. Osteoporosis, which is reducing the amount of bone mass, making bones brittle and more susceptible to fractures, especially at the level of the spine, femur, hip and wrist. Although some women may not have any symptoms, some silent demonstration of hormone deficiency may be occurring, such as loss of bone that can lead to osteoporose.É in the first five years after menopause that occurs a more rapid bone loss.
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| Last Updated on Monday, 01 February 2010 15:42 |